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The etymology of Edinburgh traces the origin of the name of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. The city is known as ''Edinburgh'' in English and Scots, and ''Dùn Èideann'' in Scottish Gaelic, both of which are derived from the older place name ''Eidyn''. It is generally accepted that this name derives ultimately from the Celtic Common Brittonic language.〔Williams 1972, p. 47; 64.〕〔Chadwick, p. 107.〕〔Dumville, p. 297.〕 ==Eidyn== Several medieval Welsh sources refer to ''Eidyn''. Kenneth H. Jackson argued strongly that "Eidyn" referred exclusively to the location of modern Edinburgh,〔Jackson 1969, pp. 77-78.〕 but others, such as Ifor Williams and Nora K. Chadwick, suggest it applied to the wider area as well.〔〔 The name "Eidyn" may survive today in toponyms such as Edinburgh, Dunedin, and Carriden (from ''Caer Eidyn'', from which the modern Welsh name, ''Caeredin'', is derived), located eighteen miles to the west.〔 Present-day Edinburgh was the location of ''Din Eidyn'', a dun or hillfort associated with the kingdom of the Gododdin.〔Gardens of the 'Gododdin' Craig Cessford Garden History, Vol. 22, No. 1 (Summer, 1994), pp. 114-115 〕 The term ''Din Eidyn'' first appears in ''Y Gododdin'', a poem that depicts events relating to the Battle of Catraeth, thought to have been fought circa 600. The oldest manuscript of ''Y Gododdin'' forms part of the Book of Aneirin, which dates to around 1265〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Book of Aneirin )〕 but which possibly is a copy of a lost 9th-century original. Some scholars consider that the poem was composed soon after the battle and was preserved in oral tradition while others believe it originated in Wales at some time in the 9th to 11th centuries.〔Evans 1982, p. 17.〕 The modern Scottish Gaelic name "Dùn Èideann" derives directly from the British ''Din Eidyn''. The English and Scots form is similar, appending the element -''burgh'', from the Old English ''burh'', also meaning "fort".〔Room, pp. 118–119.〕 Some sources claim Edinburgh's name is derived from an Old English form such as ''Edwinesburh'' (Edwin's fort), in reference to Edwin, king of Deira and Bernicia in the 7th century.〔Blackie, ''Geographical Etymology: A Dictionary of Place-names Giving Their Derivations'', 68.〕 However, modern scholarship refutes this, as the form ''Eidyn'' predates Edwin.〔〔Gelling, Nicolaisen and Richards, pp. 88–89.〕 Stuart Harris in his book ''The Place Names of Edinburgh'' declares the "Edwinesburh" form to be a "palpable fake" dating from David I's time. The first evidence of the existence of the town as a separate entity from the fort lies in an early 12th century royal charter, generally thought to date from 1124, by King David I granting land to the Church of the Holy Rood of Edinburgh. This suggests that the town came into official existence between 1018 (when King Malcolm II secured the Lothians from the Northumbrians) and 1124.〔Campbell, A. (January 1942). "Two Notes on the Norse Kingdoms in Northumbria". ''The English Historical Review'', Vol. 57, No. 225, pp. 85-97〕 The charter refers to the recipients (in Latin) as "Ecclisie Sancte Crucis ''Edwin''esburgensi", by the 1170s King William the Lion was using the name "''Edenesburch''" in a charter (again in Latin) confirming the 1124 grant of David I. Documents from the 14th century show the name to have settled into its current form; although other spellings ("Edynburgh" and "Edynburghe") appear, these are simply spelling variants of the current name. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Etymology of Edinburgh」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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